From Organizational Team Support and Commitment
Patrick J. Sween, David R. Lee, George A. Bohlen
p. 846, Project Management Institute 27th Annual Seminar/Symposium

Factors in the Organizational Environment for successful work teams

1.  Goal orientation and awareness of mission (Goal Awareness)
2.  Organizational recognition and awards (Rewards)
3.  Team and participation, shared decision-making (Teamwork)
4.  Equity, mutual respect, trust, valued partnership (Trust)
5.  Autonomy, self-management, continual improvement, responsibility
(Responsibility)
6.  Multi-skilled cross training, flexibility, commitment, security
(Competencies)
7.  Support role and atmosphere, human resource emphasis (Corporate
atmosphere)

[based on Green, 1994, who classified characteristics of winners of the
Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award]

Five strategies for developing team commitment

1.  Teams need regular interaction
2.  Teams need to believe that their work is important and has prestige
3.  Teams need shared goals
4.  Teams must meet individual needs
5.  Teams must emphasize cooperation, not competition

[March and Simon, 1958, developed a model of these strategies.  Lewis,
1993, in "How to Build and Manage a Winning Project Team," used similar
labels.]

The result of the research, incidentally, showed that these
environmental and commitment factors are considered quite important by
project managers, but the same project managers do not believe their
organizations support these factors.

They also found that multi-skilled, competent team members, goal
orientation, and mission awareness were considered the most important
environmental factors.  Regular team interaction and cooperation, not
competition are considered the top commitment factors.

mike